Chapter 12
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
卡片预览 (24 张)
Solution
Homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
Homogeneous
Composition is same throughout
Solute
Minority component
Solvent
Majority component
Three factors in forming a solution
• Entropy • Intermolecular attractions • Enthalpy
Entropy
Measure of disorder
Intermolecular attraction are
Between molecules
Enthalpy
Energy (triangle H)
Types of solutions
• Gaseous • Liquid • Aqueous • Solid
Solubility
Max amount of substance dissolved in a given amount of solvent
Soluble
Ability of one substance to dissolve in another
Chemist rule of thumb
Like dissolves like
To make a solution you must overcome:
• All attractions between solute particles (endothermic) • Some attractions between solvent particles (endothermic) • Form new attractions (exothermic)
Unsaturated
Solution contains less than equilibrium amount of solute
Saturated
Solution in which dissolved solute is in equilibrium with undissolved solute.
Super saturated
Unstable solution in which more than equilibrium amount of solute is dissolved.
Energy of solution =
energy of hydration - energy of lattice energy
Recrystallization
Technique used to purify solids
Henry’s Law
S(gas)=KhP(gas)
Dilute
Solution that contains a very small amount of solute relative to the amount of solvent.
Concentrated
Solution that contains a very large amount of solute relative to the amount of solvent.
What is the equation of Molarity?
Amount of solute/ volume of solution (mol/L)
What is the equation of molality?
Amount of solute / mass of solvent (mol/kg)
What is the equation of % by mass?
Mass of solute/mass of solution times 100%