nutrients and energy

a diet that includes all 7 types of nutrients in the right amounts

1.carbohydrates 2.proteins 3.fats 4.minerals 5.vitamins 6.water 7.dietary fibre

1.source of energy

growth, repair, antibodies, haemoglobin

source and store of energy, insulation

1.calcium:bones and teeth 2.iron:making haemoglobin

vitamin A: night vision vitamin D: absorption of calcium into bones vitamin C: protect against scurvy

solvent for metabolic reactions, transport, and cooling of body

1.stimulates peristalsis 2.prevents constipation 3.protects against colon cancer

1.constipation 2.coronary heart disease 3.obesity

insufficient fibre in the diet, diet lacking in fibre may lead to bowel cancer

when animal fats and cholesterol form atheroma on the walls of the coronary artery

high blood pressure heart disease

1.caused by lack of vitamin c 2.bleeding gums, wounds don’t heal properly

1.caused by lack of vitamin d 2.growing bones become soft, causing bow legs or knock knees

1.bones of skeleton do not form properly 2.growth is stunted 3.bones become brittle

anemia

characterized by a swollen abdomen, caused by protein deficiency immune system is affected as there is difficulty producing antibodies

1.ingestion 2.digestion(mechanical and chemical) 3.absorption 4.assimilation 5.egestion

the taking in of substances into the body through the mouth

the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water soluble molecules using mechanical and chemical processess

breaking down food into smaller pieces to increase surface area for faster action of enzymes

breakdown of large insoluble molecules into small soluble ones

movement of small food molecules and ions through the wall of the intestine into the blood