oMidterm Study Guide
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what is a dietary essential for one or more species of animal
nutrients
Describe the 3 characteristics of the simple non-ruminant animal
• one stomach • pouch-like non compartmentalized • enzymes in GI
what are the three segments of the small intestine and their functions?
• duodenum - bile + juice from pancreas absorb nutrients • Jejunum - absorbs sugars, Amino Acids, and fatty acids • ileum - absorbs any remaining nutrients and B12 specifically
what are the two functions of the liver
1.filter blood 2. bile release
what is the function of the gizzard
break down food in birds
what is digested in the rumen
soluble sugars and starch
describe rumination
chewing cud
if you look at the inside of the reticulum what is the most distinguishing feature?
honey comb
which compartment of the stomach compartment is called the butcher’s bible? Why is it called this?
omasum because of all of its folds that break down food
what is the true stomach compartment of the ruminant called?
abomasum
what are two advantages of ruminant digestion
• rumen microbes used as protein • breaks down food more and easier
what is a disadvantage of ruminant digestion
slow digestion of poor forages
What is the pseudo ruminant that we talked about in class
hippo
which animal is a colon fermenter
horse
describe how feed is processed through ruminant animal mouth to rectum
mouth, rumen, back to mouth(cud), rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
What is body maintenance
no gain or loss. maintain body state
maintenance functions have first priority for nutrients. what are the maintenance functions?
• water balance • body repair • body temp regulation • organ function
approximately what % of feed is used to fill maintenance requirement
about 50%
if a steer weighs 1000 pounds how much would you have to feed to maintain the steer
25.5 pounds. 500 x 3% = 15 x 1.7 = 25.5
when considering growth, what has to be fed to promote muscle growth?
protein
minerals are needed for proper bone growth, what 2 minerals are needed and their sources?
• Calcium - legumes • Phosphorus - grains
why is iodine needed for growth
to prevent goiter
why is selenium needed for growth
white muscle disease
why is vitamin D needed for growth
Bone Growth