#3
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After strep mutans, which bacteria is a “late colonizer” in dental careis?
Lactobacillus
What is the most frequent variant of Hodgkin’s disease?
Nodular sclerosis
What is the serum protein that is found in the acute-phase that gives a useful marker of the persistence of and extent of inflammation?
C-reactive protein (CRP)
Does the CSF and choroid plexus play a role in the mucosal immune system?
NO
What is the molecule that acts as a bearing enhancer for the process of phagocytosis?
Opsonins
What disorder is due to vitamin D deficiency in adults? and in children?
Osteomalacia Rickets
What does E. coli heat stable toxin bind to and activate to cause diarrhea?
Guanylate cyclase which causes an increase in cGMP
What is the largest virus?
poxviridae
In addition to rotovirus, what are two other viruses that spread via the fecal-oral route?
Poliovirus and coxsackievirus
-female -short height -infertility -amenohorrea -webbed neck -rib notching on a chest x-ray
Turner’s syndrome
In children, where does a Wilm’s tumor form? and what is its first sign?
-kidney -painless abdominal mass
Of all permanent premolars, which is most likely to exhibit a transverse ridge?
mandibular first premolar
What is a Bennett movement?
characterized by the shifting of both condyles along the lateral inclines of the mandibular fossae which results in lateral jaw movement
Which permanent premolar has a buccal cusp that is displaced distally while the lingual cusp is displace mesially?
Maxillary first premolar
Which cusp is largest in a permanent mandibular second molar?
mesiolingual
Which spinal tract does not cross from right to left (or vice versa)?
Vestibulospinal
Which spinal tract crosses twice from right to left and vice versa?
Spinocerebellar
What are kuppfer cells? and what is their precursor?
-Specialized macrophages in the Liver -monocytes
What causes impressions in the right lung? (4)
-azygos vein -esophagus -pulmonary ligament -inferior vena cava
Which nerve innervates the levator veli palatini?
CN X, vagus
Which periodontal fibers are most numerous?
oblique
Based on the following symptoms, which CN could be affected? -difficulty swallowing -abnormal sensations in the external auditory meatus -drooping soft palate
CN X
Ethmoidal sinus drainage - Anterior —> ? - middle —> ? - posterior —> ?
• middle meatus, semilunar hiatus -center of ethmoidal bulla -superior meatus
What cells line the gall bladder? what is their purpose?
• simple columnar epithelium • specialize in absorbing water to concentrate bile