Ch. 14

Sea in former Soviet Union that had its feeder rivers diverted, making its water levels drop salinity levels increase and biodiversity decrease. Without it, the climate buffer it provided is now gone

Underground caverns through whcih groundwater flows

Transport water from north to south California. Not sustainable

This brings water precisely to crops, sprayed with mobile boom with sprinklers.

Straightening and deepening streams that reduces upstream flooding.

Does not return water to its original source like evaporation seepage into ground transport to another area or contamination.

Heating saltwater until it evaporates, leaves behind salts in solid form and condenses as freshwater.

Most effective, Tubes or pipes are brought to plant roots.

Loses most water, floods strips between crops, and is one of the most common.

Replaces aquifers by precipitation that percolates downwards through soil and rock.

Does not remove water, Power plants for example return water back even if some is lost to the atmosphere.

Large aquifer in US from North Dakota to Texas.

Capturing rainwater and storing it for use in the dry season. Useful in India’s monsoon season.

Surface runoff that is sure to be a source of freshwater from year to year.

Uses high pressure to force saltwater through a membrane filter to only leave freshwater.

When the roof of an underground cavern collapses after being drained of the groundwater that supports it and creates a large surface crater.

Helps farmers cut irrigation water use.

Dirtied water from the home that can be used for irrigation.

When withdrawing water causes the land above it to collapse.

Aquifers recharged by nearby streams

A type of center pivot irrigation that is 90% efficient by being closer to the ground and in larger droplets.

Largest Hydroelectric dam that produces a lot of electricity and has a lot of sediment buildup.

First tier counts nothing for the poor, and increases as use increase, and be higher in the summer when the demand is higher.

Each house gets a set amount, and price increases as water use increases.