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What is the difference between secondary and primary memory ?
Primary: CPU has direct access to (registers, cache, ROM & RAM) Volatile ( only on with power) Fast read/write speed Secondary: not directly accessible Non-volatile Where data is stored when not in use Slow read/ write speed
Magnetic Hard Disks
Made up of magnetised metal disks spinning . 1 &0 for magnetised and demagnetised Data is stored in sectors , on tracks. Read write head on a movable arm accesses these sectors. Long lasting( but moving parts), cheap, large capacity
Solid state (flash)
Drive: Data stored in electrical circuits, by tapping electrons. (Transistors) Fast read write time. Don’t need defragmentation More long lasting, no heat no moving parts, Silent
Optical discs
Eg: CD, DVD, blue Ray Pits/ (0)holes are made, the reflected beam from laser read is the data Low capacity, cheap, portable , slow read/write
What is Cloud storage
Data is uploaded via the internet to a remote server (stored on HDD/SSD) . You pay with a subscription.
Roles of the OS
Communicating with input output devices/ via device driver Process manager- CPU and it’s time with programs Providing a platform for applications to run Memory management- how much RAM a program has access to File management-read/write/delete System management- user passwords
Why is secondary storage required?
To store long term Retains data when no power (non-volatile) High capacity
What is durability?
How much physical damage it can take without breaking
Put in order , in terms of how quickly data is transferred (speed)
Solid Magnetic Optical
What are the shapes for AND, OR,NOT and XOR
And- D Not-triangle &circle Or- arrow head XOR- arrowhead with line, does not accept two trues
How do you calculate the total number of combinations for a truth table?
2 * * number of inputs Eg: 2* * 3 =8 2**2= 4
Symbols for NOT, OR, AND, NOT OR
Not= line overhead And = . Or= + Not or = circle over +
What are advantages and disadvantages of cloud storage?
:)can be accessed from anywhere, data can be shared , cheap, provides back up/security :( need Wi-Fi, data vulnerable to hackers,