atomic structure
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atom
the most basic complete unit of an element
element
pure substances that cannot be broken into simpler substances
what does the position mean on the periodic table
number of valence electrons in its outermost shell, number of protons, chemical and physical properties
there are ____ know elements. ___ occur naturally
118;92
three primary types of components of atom
electrons(negatively charged), protons, neutrons
electrons
negatively charged subatomic particles that move around the center of the atom orbitals
orbitals
an area around the nucleus here an electron can be found. each orbitals can hold two electrons
valence elections
electrons in outermost orbital involved in bonding between atoms
protons
positively charged and are in atoms nucleus
periodic table
a chart that organizes elements by their chemical properties (and correspondingly, their atomic number and electron configuration)
atomic mass/amu
sum of the mass of protons and neutrons in one atom and element
each proton and neutron has mass of ___ amu while a election have ____ amu
one; not even one
atomic number is
number of protons in one atom of an element
period of periodic table
one of seven horizontal rows
period numbers
also the same as the number of subshells within each shell
group of periodic table
a column of elements
cation
a positively charge ion
anion
a negatively charged ion
ion
a positively or negatively charge atom or molecule
neutral state
the number of protons and electrons are equal
ionic bond
the bond between two oppositely charged ions
covalent bond
is the result of two or more atoms sharing electrons so that each atom involved becomes more stable.