1.2.4 Types of Programming Techniques

• To describe an example of a pattern • To describe an example of a way of doing things

• Least abstract • Closest to what happens on a computer • Programs directly in 1s and 0s • These translate into matching electrical signals e.g. 1 for high voltage and 0 for lo

• Low level language that uses short code (mnemonics) • Each mnemonic matches a specific sequence of 1s and 0s • One-to-one relationship • Written in assembly language and translated by a specific assembler

• Written in the language that is designed to be easily understood by humans • Uses syntax that is similar to human language to form instructions • Must be translated into machine code before it can be run (compilation)

• Focus on telling a computer exactly what to do by way of step-by-step instructions • Lay code as a series of statements (SSI) • Code is developed in a modular way using functions and procedures

• Pre defined functions • Local variables • Global variables • Parameter passing • Modularity • Procedures • Library

Functions pre-written within a programming language

A variable that can only be accessed within the specific function or procedure it was declared in

A variable that can be accessed throughout the whole program and used by all modules

Allows variable values to be passed into procedures and functions for use in those blocks of code

The concept of separating the functionality of a program into individual, interchangeable blocks, each designed to carry out a single task - These all combine to make a complete program and make the program more readable

A collection of pre-built functions and procedures that can be linked and used y a programmer in their own code

Add

Subtract

Store

Load

Branch always

Branch if zero

Branch if positive

Input

Output

End program

Data location

• Immediate addressing • Direct addressing • Indirect addressing • Indexed addressing