gr 10- physics (unit 3.1)

• Energy can produce change in a system. • There are different forms of energy. • Energy can be transferred or transformed. • Physical quantities contribute to different forms of energy.

a machine that runs forever

the air, walking, a conversation, etc…

no

distance/ time

distance final- distance initial/ time final- time inital

velocity. time

is the energy of motion. Anything that is moving has kinetic energy.

is the stored energy an object has as a result of its condition or position.

Any object that is moving has mechanical kinetic energy, from the smallest bacteria to the largest galaxies.

-Radiant energy is the energy of electromagnetic waves that travel or “radiate” from an energy source. -For example, light bulbs radiate ultraviolet radiation, visible light, and infrared radiation, which are transformed into thermal energy when they are absorbed by matter.

sound

this is the energy of electrons moving along a wire or other conductor

this is the energy of electrons moving along a wire or other conductor

• This energy is stored in chemical bonds - Some animals, like a firefly can transform chemical potential energy to produce light.

-This energy is stored in a stretched or compressed object. -Elastic potential energy does not just apply to an elastic band or a spring. -It applies to any object, like the soles of your shoes when you walk, or the tennis ball and racquet.

when something is about to fall or drop

-This energy is stored within the nucleus of an atom -Nuclear processes can release an an enormous amount of energy

-A compass needle moves because it’s magnetic and is attracted by Earth’s magnetic field. -If you prevent the needle from moving, it has magnetic potential energy, as it now has the potential to move.

• An open system can exchange both energy and matter with its surroundings • A closed system can exchange energy, but not matter, with its surroundings • An isolated system cannot exchange energy or matter with its surroundings

lost energy

opened system: an uncovered pot of boiling potatoes closed system: a boiling pot with a closed lid isolated system: a pot of potatoes closed In a container (in theory it would still have some change of energy because its hard to completely isolate a system but it was still reduced a lot)