Part 2
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The hydrosphere transfers energy from..
Warmer latitudes near the equator to cooler areas near the poles
The hydrosphere transfers energy using..
Global winds
Currents in the northern hemisphere are driven
Clockwise
Currents in the southern hemisphere are driven
Counterclockwise
Earths continents also affect the general pattern of…
Ocean currents
Thermal energy can also be transferred vertically through…
Bodies of water by convection currents
The density of water decreases when its temperature ___ which results in it ____
Increases which results in the warm water rising
Cold water is more __ so it tends to ___
Dense so it tends to sink
Water molecules are always moving through the biosphere because of the
Hydrologic cycle
In the hydrologic cycle, water undergoes changes in phase from…
Solid to liquid to vapour and back again
The hydrologic cycle transfers…
Thermal energy throughout the biosphere.
When water changes phase the temperature…
Remains the same
What occurs As water changes phase from vapour to liquid to solid
Thermal energy is released and bonds are formed between molecules
What occurs As water changes phase from solid to liquid to vapour
Thermal energy is absorbed and bonds are broken
The Hearing curve of water shows
The temperature changes of solid water as it is heated to a liquid and then to a vapour
Water has a relatively high
Specific heat capacity
It takes a ___ amount of energy to increase the temperature of a mass of water
Large
Regions on earth that have little water tend to…
Heat and cool more rapidly
Regions with large bodies if water tend to have
More moderate climate
The Heat of fusion of a substance is…
The amount of energy absorbed when 1 mol of the substance changes from solid to liquid without a change in temperature
Regions with severe climates tend to have
Fewer people
Climate can determine
Types of foods available in a region, economic opportunities of an area
Plants and animals have various ___ that make them more suited to a climate
Adaptations
The three types of adaptations are
Behavioural (ex:hibernation) Structural (ex: fur) Physiological (ex: mammals milk production)