3.2 Blood Circulatory System
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How many heart chambers do fish have?
2 (1 atrium, 1 ventricle)
What type of circulatory system do fish have?
Single circulatory system
What type of blood is pumped by the fish heart?
Deoxygenated blood only
Why is the fish circulatory system less efficient?
Blood pressure drops after passing through gills
How many heart chambers do amphibians and reptiles have?
3 (2 atria, 1 ventricle)
What type of circulatory system do amphibians and reptiles have?
Double circulatory system (incomplete)
Do amphibians and reptiles mix oxygenated and deoxygenated blood?
Yes, in the single ventricle
How many heart chambers do birds and mammals have?
4 (2 atria, 2 ventricles)
What type of circulatory system do birds and mammals have?
Double circulatory system (complete)
Why is the bird and mammal circulatory system more efficient?
There is no mixing of blood; supports high metabolism
What is the blood flow pattern in fish?
Heart → Gills (oxygenation) → Body → Heart
What is the blood flow pattern in amphibians and reptiles?
Heart → Lungs (pulmonary) → Heart → Body (systemic) (Note: blood is partially mixed!)
What is the blood flow pattern in birds and mammals?
Heart → Lungs → Heart → Body (Double circulation with full separation of oxygenated & deoxygenated blood)
What is the circulatory system?
A tubular system with pumps and valves that ensures blood flows in one direction only.
What are the three main components of the circulatory system?
The heart, blood vessels, and blood.
What is the function of valves in the circulatory system?
To prevent the backflow of blood and maintain one-way circulation.
Why is one-directional blood flow important?
It ensures efficient oxygen and nutrient delivery to body tissues and removal of waste.
Where does deoxygenated blood enter the heart from?
From the body → Vena cava → Right atrium
Which valve does deoxygenated blood pass through after the right atrium?
Tricuspid valve → Right ventricle
After the right ventricle, where does deoxygenated blood go?
Through the pulmonary valve → Pulmonary artery → Lungs
Where does oxygenated blood come from?
From the lungs → Pulmonary veins → Left atrium
Which valve does oxygenated blood pass through after the left atrium?
Bicuspid valve → Left ventricle
Where does oxygenated blood go after the left ventricle?
Through the sickle valve → Aorta → Body
What is the function of the left atrium?
Pumps oxygenated blood to the left ventricle.