Topic 10 - Equilibrium 1
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What is dynamic equilibrium?
when the forwards and backwards reactions are going at the same rate so the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant -occurs in a closed system
What is a closed system?
a system where reactants and products can’t leave -but energy can be transferred between the system and surroundings
What is a homogeneous system?
a system where all the substances within the system are in the same state
What is a heterogeneous system?
a system where the substances within the system are in different states
What happens when temperature in a system is increased (according to le Chatelier’s principle)?
the equilibrium favours the endothermic (+ve ΔH) reaction
What happens when temperature in a system is decreased (according to le Chatelier’s principle)?
the equilibrium favours the exothermic (-ve ΔH) reaction
What happens when the concentration of reactants in a system is increased (according to le Chatelier’s principle)?
reverse reaction is favoured (equib shifts left) -no. particles of reactants increase so no. collisions with energy ≥ Ea increases
What happens when the concentration of products in a system is increased (according to le Chatelier’s principle)?
forwards reaction is favoured (equib shifts right) -no. particles of products increase so no. collisions with energy ≥ Ea increases
What happens when the pressure inside a system is increased (according to le Chatelier’s principle)?
equilibrium favours side with the least moles of gas (the lower pressure side)
What happens when the pressure inside a system is decreased (according to le Chatelier’s principle)?
equilibrium favours side with the most moles of gas (the higher pressure side)
What is the equilibrium constant?
K the measure of quantity of all products compared to all reactants in a system at equilibrium
Kc =
[products] ________ [reactants] -don’t include any solids