1.5 Legal and morals
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What is meant by personal data?
• Any data which can be used to identify a living person or which can be used in combination with other data to identify a living person.
Which act concerns the malicious use of computers?
Th Computer Misuse Act 1990
Which act protects people’s property online?
The Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
Which act covers the use of personal data?
the Data Protection Act 1988
Name two of he three primary offences under the Computer Misuse Act 1990.
• Unauthorised access to computer materials. • Unauthorised access with intent to commit further offences • Unauthorised modification of computer material. • Supplying materials to carry out any of above offences
Which act covers investigation and surveillance by public bodies?
• The Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000
Which act prevents computer programs from being copied?
• The copyright, designs and patents act 1988
What name is given to an individual who can be identified by personal data?
• Data subject
Give two effects on businesses of computers becoming part of the workforce.
• High productivity • Lower unit costs • Lower costs of renting • Lower labour costs
Give two uses of automated decision-making.
• Targeted feeds (social media) • Application processes (jobs, mortgages, loans) • Power distribution systems • Driverless cars • Stock trading • Plant automation systems
Define artificial intelligence.
• The ability of a computer to replicate human intelligence, cognitive ability and grasp abstract concepts
Describe how expert systems work.
• Expert systems consist of a knowledge base made up of a set of facts and rules. This is used to build an inference engine which is interrogated to find diagnoses.
Give two applications of AI.
• Neural networks • Expert systems • Voice recognition
State two negative environmental effects of computers.
• Toxic e-waste contaminating water. • E-waste in third world countries. • Greenhouse gases from greater electricity consumption. • Reduced biodiversity • Impact of climate change on future generation
Give two ways in which technology can be used to protect the environment.
• Smart home systems (sensors) • Sleep and Stand-by features on devices • Smart engine designs
Define censorship.
• The act of suppressing the content that people are able to view, publish and access
What is the Free Internet?
• The idea of an Internet where nothing is filtered at all, in line with the principle of freedom of speech
How is censorship used within schools?
• Pupils may be prevented from accessing unsuitable material. May be used to maintain high productivity and prevent distractions.
Give arguments for surveillance systems.
• Useful for social security purposes and detecting crime. - Needed to trace and punish criminal activity
What is the name given to the process of analysing large data sets to uncover hidden trends?
• Data mining
Name three things web designers must take into account when designing a website.
• Colour paradigms, layout, character set