Diagnostic Med
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Infection control practices are important to protect
Patient, You, Co-workers, and Family
Disease transmission occurs by either
A) Direct transmission occurs when there is physical contact between an infected person and a susceptible person. B) Indirect infections spread when an infected person sneezes or coughs, sending infectious droplets into the air
The best prevention against the spread of disease is
handwashing
What is a biohazardous material
Substances that are harmful to the environment and life, may contain pathogens.
Describe normal flora.
Norma flora is found in or on our bodies on a semi-permanent basis without causing disease. There are more bacteria living in or on our bodies than we have cells of our own
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment
Standard Precautions
Treating all patients as if infected with pathogens
How often should health care employees and others in health care be updated on OSHA and Universal Precaution Standards?
Annually
What is the primary color of a sharps container in most situations?
Red
Infections capable of being spread to others are called
contagions or infectious agents
Define nosocomial infection
Secondary infection acquired while patient in the hospital
Microorganisms that cause disease are
pathogens
What is epidemiology and why is it important?
Epidemiology is the study of the origin and causes of diseases in a community. It is the scientific method of investigation problem-solving used by disease detectives— epidemiologists, laboratory scientists, statisticians, physicians and other health care providers, and public health professionals—to get to the root of health problems and outbreaks in a community. It is important for identifying the pathogen, causes and its transmission so we might discover prevention and cures.
Draw and describe the Chain of Infection
Infectious agent (germs) Reservoir (People, animals, food, soil, water) Portal of exit (Mouth, open wounds, stool) Mode of transportation (Contact, droplets) Portal of entry (Mouth, eyes, open wounds) Susceptible host
MSDS is the acronym for
Material Safety Data Sheets
Define MSDS
Information on every chemical in the work place including composition, treatment, and manufacture
What is the responsibility of OSHA and what does it stand for?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration – ensures safety in the workplace for everyone
What does the acronym RACE stand for?
R Rescue – remove patients in immediate danger A Alarm –pull alarm, notify coworkers C Contain – close all doors/windows E Evacuate – remove all patients from danger
Fast heart rate is known as
Tachycardia is heart rate > 100 bpm
Slow heart rate is known as
Bradycardia is heart rate < 60 bpm
High blood pressure is
Hypertension is bp > 140/90
Low blood pressure is
Hypotension is bp < 90/60
What are the numerical representations of a BP and what do they mean?
• Top number is systolic which measures the contraction phase of the heart cycle when blood is leaving ventricles to the lungs and body. • Bottom number is diastolic which measures the relaxation phase of the heart cycle when blood is leaving the atria into the ventricles.
Describe blood flow through the heart:
1 Inferior / superior vena cava 2 Right atrium 3 tricuspid valve 4 right ventricle 5 pulmonary semilunar valve 6 pulmonary artery 7 Lungs 8 pulmonary veins 9 left atrium 10 bicuspid or mitral valve 11 left ventricle 12 aortic semilunar valve 13 Body