topic 4 inorganic chemistry and the periodic table

increases down the group due to additional electron shells

reactivity increases down group 2 higher electron shielding higher atomic radius outer electrons easier to lose

decreases down group 2 higher atomic radius more electron shielding outer electron easier to lose

redox reaction metal hydroxide and hydrogen metal hydroxide forms alkaline solution

water, reacts very slowly steam, quickly as there is extra energy steam, burns with a bright white flame steam, forms hydrogen and magneisum oxide, white powder

all react with cl gas form metal chlorides all white precipitate down group, more reactive, more vigorous

form oxides vigourous strontium and barium with heat energy form metal peroxides

bubbles of hydrogen gas solutions of metal compounds

form a salt and water neutralisation

increases down group magnesium hydeixude least soluble mgoh2 used as an antiacid asa it can neutralise acids

decreases down the group

insolubility of baso4 makes it useful in medicine as barium meals medical tracer toxic but cannot be absorbed into blood as insoluble used as test for sulfate ions reacts with barium sulfate to form a white precipitate

group 2 carbonates and nitrates undergo thermal deecomp to produce solide metal oxides and gases heat in aerobic conditions

carbon dioxide and metal oxide white powder down group, more heat required ions increase in size and stabiilty

nitrogen dioxide and oxygen and white powder metal oxide down group, more heat required ions bigger and more stable down group

rarely go to completion, nitrates produce metal nitrite and oxygen carbonates wont decompose as they require extreme temps

reacts simialrly to group 2 lithium nitrate -> lithium oxide, nitrogen oxide and oxygen lithium carbonate -> lithium oxide and carbon dioxide

down groups 1 and 2, stability increases, more heat required for decomp ionic radius increase for same charge smaller ions have higehr charge denstiy

smaller ions can POLARISE negative carbonate and nitrate ions more more the cation is polarised, the less heat required to seperate the 2 ions

nichrome wire in conc hcl then blue flame repeat cleaning until no color in flame dip wire into unknown metal and place into flame observe colour

red

orange/yellow

lilac

no colour