Chapter 8 - Diseases of the Blood, Heart and Blood Vessels
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The function of RBCs is what?
Carry oxygen to cells and tissues, and CO2 out of tissues
Function of WBCs
Inflammation, immunity
Platelets or Thrombocytes are produced where?
In the red bone marrow
What is the function of Platelets ?
Blood Clotting
What are Leukocytes and what do they do?
Increase in number of WBC in blood. May be physiological or pathological
Abnormal reduction in number of WBC in blood?
Leukopenia
The Etiology of Leukopenia?
Radiation Chemical Poison Some infections
The definition of Anemia?
Decrease in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin or both resulting in decreased ability to carry oxygen to the body tissues
What is primary anemia?
Chronic, Hematologic disease
What is Secondary Anemia?
Develops as a complication of another disease; Non hematologic
What is happening in Increased Destruction Anemia?
RBCs are being destroyed
What is happening in Decreased Production Anemia?
Producing less RBCs than normal
Etiology of Increased Destruction Anemia (IDA) ?
Hemorrhage Injury or Trauma Genetic Infections
The Primary disease of IDA
Sickle Cell Anemia
What does Sickle Cell Anemia do?
Genetic mutation results in hemoglobin S Gives Tachycardia Fatigue Dyspnea
Erythroblastosis Fetalis (Primary)
Hemolytic disease of the newborn; Mother and baby have different Rh blood types
An overactive spleen due to mononucleosis or liver cancer
Hypersplenism
The Etiology of Decreased Production Anemia
Radiation Chemical Poisons Infection Metabolic Disorder Leukemia
What is Aplastic Anemia?
Damage to bone marrow of unknown origin
A B12 deficiency
Pernicious Anemia
A deficiency of B12 and folic acid
Megaloblastic anemia Megablasts = large RBC
What are hemapoietic disorders associated with?
Formation of blood and blood components
What does Leukemia mean?
White Blood Cancer of WBC producing structures
What is acute leukemia common in?
More common in children