Chapter 17
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What is the purpose of the “dynamic scaffold” of the cytoskeleton
provides structual support and cell shape
What is the purpose of the “network of tracks” in the cytoskeleton
microtubules and microfilaments act as an intracellular pathway, where cells move from one place to another
What is the “Force Generating Apparatus” and what is its role in the cytoskeleton
it is the molecular machinery that moves cells from one place to another along the network of tracks
What are the 3 types of Protein Filaments
• Intermediate Filaments • Microtubules • Actin Filaments / microfilaments
Which of the 3 protein filaments is the most stable?
Intermediate Filaments
What is a Desmosome?
mechanical links that connect the intermediate filaments of adjacent cells
What purpose do Desmosomes serve
provides mechanical strength in tissue
what is the Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex
a rare genetic mutation causing the skin to be vulnerable to mechanical injury
a rare genetic mutation causing the skin to be vulnerable to mechanical injury
1.Cytoplasmic IF 2. Nuclear IF
What are the 3 types of Cytoplasmic Intermediate Filaments?
• Keratins • Vimentin • Neurofilaments
Each of the intermediate filaments have a region called what?
a-helix region
What feature causes a functional differentiation between intermediate filaments?
The globular head (NH2) and tail region (COOH) of the intermediate filament that each vary in size
what is a Lamin?
a structure that lies below the nuclear membrane, and is part of the cytoskeleton - it provides structural support
The meshwork of intermediate filaments provide support for what?
the nuclear envelope
Which of the 3 kinds of Cytoskeletal Protein Filaments is the thickest
Microtubule
What are the functions of the Microtubules?
1.guides organelles and chromosome movement 2. guides overall cell motility 3. is a delivery route in polar cells, acting as the “tracks”
Miccrotubules transports cargo along what?
along the nerve axon
What organizes the cells interior?
Microtubules
True of False: all microtubule “tracks” are oriented in slightly diffferent directions
False: they are all oriented in the same direction
If microtubules are the “track”, what would act as the “mechanical engine”
Motor Proteins
How long does it take for deliveries from the spine to the shoulder?
~2 Days
Define Tubulin
tubulin are dimers of alpha and beta tubulin subunits
Define Protofilament
Protofilaments are what Tubulin Dimers assemle into
What is the role of the centrosome?
Acts as the microtubule organizing centre