Atomic Structure - 3rd
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what is the relative mass of a proton?
1
what is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
what is the relative mass of an electron?
0.0005
what is the relative charge of a proton?
+1
what is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
what is the relative charge of an electron?
-1
where are protons and neutrons found in an atom?
in the nucleus in the centre of the atom.
where are the electrons found in an atom?
in shells around the nucleus.
draw an atom.
atomic structure: picture 1
what is the atomic number?
the number of protons.
what is the mass number?
the total number of protons and neutrons.
label the atomic number and the mass number.
atomic structure: picture 2
how can you find out the number of electrons?
since atoms are neutral, the number of electrons = the number of protons.
what are isotopes?
isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
what is relative atomic mass?
the average mass of an atom of an element, taking into account the different masses of each isotope.
how is relative atomic mass calculated?
using the mass numbers of each isotope and their % abundances in nature. atomic structure: picture 3
what does the electronic configuration of an atom show?
how the electrons are arranged into energy levels. each energy level has a maximum capacity for holding electrons.
what is the maximum capacity of electrons in shells?
2,8,8,8
what can tell us an atom’s electronic configuration?
its location on the periodic table.
how is the periodic table organised?
row- period - number of occupied electron shells column - group- number of electrons in the outer shell