Topic #4: Movement Analysis
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What are the Anatomical Divisions of the Nervous System?
Central Nervous System (CNS) & Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
What does the Peripheral Nervous System Include?
All of the neural tissue outside of the CNS
What are the functions of the PNS?
Deliver sensory information to the CNA & Carry motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems
Neural Tissue defined
tissues made up of neurons and neuroglia that conduct electrical impulses to transfer, process, and store info.
What are all of the components of the neurons?
Dendrites, Cell body, Axon (Nerve Fibers), and Synaptic Terminals
Function of Dendrites?
Information entry
Function of Cell body?
Information integration
Function of Axon (Nerve Fibers)?
Information transmission
Function of Synaptic Terminals?
Information transfer
Neuroglia defined (function)
attaches itself to neurons to provide support, supply nutrients, and defend against infections.
Neuromuscular Function?
Nerves of axons with connective tissues and blood vessels, Carry sensory info and motor commands in the PNS
What is Afferent Division?
Carries sensory information from PNS sensory receptors to CNS
What are Receptors?
neurons or specialized cells that detect changes or respond to stimuli
What are Effectors function?
respond to efferent signals within cells or organs
What is Efferent Division?
Carries motor commands from CNS to PNS muscles and glands
What is Efferent Division divided into?
Somatic Nervous System & Autonomic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System defined
controls voluntary and involuntary muscle skeletal contractions such as reflexes
Autonomic Nervous System defined
controls subconscious actions, contractions of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle, and glandular secretions
What do motor units release into the muscles?
Neurotransmitter
What do motor units consist of?
A single motor neuron and the skeletal muscle fiber which it innervates.
Neurotransmitters
Chemicals that are used for communication between a neuron at the synapse and another cell.
Acetylcholine
Primary neurotransmitter for the motor neurons that innervate skeletal muscles.
What type of neurotransmitter does Acetylcholine act as?
Serves as an excitatory neurotransmitter, but it can have inhibitory effects at some parasympathetic nerve endings, such as the heart.
Cholinesterase
an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid.