3.3.1.3 Isomerism
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What is an isomer?
A molecule with the same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms
What is structural isomerism?
Where molecules have the same molecular formula but with a different connectivity
What is chain isomerism?
When the hydrocarbon chain is arranged differently, such as branching
What is positional isomerism?
When the functional group is attached to the main chain at different points
What is functional group isomerism?
When there are different functional groups E.g. C - C - O becomes C - O - C
What is stereoisomerism?
When the structural formula is the same but differ in the arrangement of the bonds in space
What is the Cahn Ingold Prelog system?
In a carbon chain, the direct atom attached to the carbon involved in the double bon is ranked based on the atomic a number A higher atomic number = a higher priority
Why does the Cahn Ingold Prelog system not always work?
It fails when there are more than 2 groups
What is EZ isomerism?
The different positions of groups on either side of the double bond Z = same side E = different side
What is the difference between structural and stereo isomerism?
Different connectivity vs different orientation of atoms