C9

Any compound which only contains carbon and hydrogen atoms

Alkanes

Homolous series (a group of organic compounds which react in a similar way) Also saturated compounds

Methane ethane propane butane

When there is plenty of oxygen

Hydrocarbon + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + warer

CH4 + 2O2 —> CO2 + 2H2O

Fossil fuel. It is formed from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago and were buried in mud. Over millions of years, high temperatures and pressure, the remains turned into crude oil

Hydrocarbons

Crude oil is a fossil fuel and is formed from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago and were buried in mud. Over millions of years, with high temp and pressure, the remains turned into crude oils

A method used to seperate different compounds in a crude oil

The oil is heated until most of it is turned to gas and the gases enter a fractioning column. In the column there is a temperature gradient (hot at the bottom cooler as you go up). They condense back into liquids and drain out of the column early on. You end up with crude oil mixtures seperated out into different fractins

Splitting up long chains of hydrocarbosn

Thermal decomposition reaction

Breaking molecules down by heating them

• more runny (less viscous) • more volatile • more flammable -lower boiling points • used as bottled gases

-fuel for most modern transport -feedstock to make compounds (polymers, solvents, lubricants)

The bromine reacts with the alkene to make a coliurless compound - bromine water is decolourised

1- heat long chain hydrocarbons to vaporise them 2- the vapour is passed over a hot catalyst 3- the long chain molecules split apart on the surface of the specks on the catalyst

Vaporise hydrocarbons, mix with steam and heat to very high temperatures