1.5 Mutations
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what is a mutation
changes that occur at the DNA level that is inheritable
how can mutations occur
change, a cell division error or from a mutagen
what are mutagens
chemical or physical agents that can cause a mutation to DNA
what are mutagens sometimes called
carcinogens
examples of mutagens
x-rays, mustard gas, UV and nuclear radiation and chemical such as benzene, formaldehyde and tobacco
gametic mutations are
inherited and occur in the testes of males and the ovaries of females.
can gametic mutations be passed onto offsprings
yes
where do somatic mutations occur
in body cells
can somatic mutations be inherited
no, but they can affect the individual during their lifetime
mutations can either be classified as
gene mutations or chromosome mutations
Gene mutations occur when
a nitrogen base is inserted, deleted or rearranged in a gene
what are the two types of gene mutations
point mutations or frameshift mutations
chromosome mutations usually occur due to
nondisjunction
Non-disjunction occurs when
chromosomes don’t separate correctly during meiosis
chromosome mutations result in gametes with too many or too few chromosomes. what is this called
aneuploidy
types of chromosome mutations are
down syndrome turners syndrome kleinfelters syndrome
down
trisomy 21
turners
1 X only
kleinfelters
XXY