UNIT 3 - KA2
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What is the human brain
The human brain is a large organ made of billions of neurons
Which interconnected layers is the brain organised into
• the central core • the cerebral cortex
What does the central core of the brain contain
• the medulla • the cerebellum
Medulla
The medulla regulates the basic processes of breathing, heart rate and sleep
Cerebellum
The cerebellum controls balance, posture and movement
What is the cerebral cortex
The cerebral cortex is the centre of conscious thought. It also recalls memories and alters behaviours in the light of experience
What is the cerebral cortex split into
It is split by a deep cleft into two halves called cerebral hemispheres.
Where is information from one side of the body processed
Information from one side of the body is processed in the opposite side of the cerebrum
Where is information from one side of the body processed
Information from one side of the body is processed in the opposite side of the cerebrum
Which information does the left cerebral hemisphere deal with
The left cerebral hemisphere deals with information from the right visual field and controls the right side of the body
Which information does the right cerebral hemisphere deal with
The right cerebral hemisphere deals with information from the left visual field and controls the left side of the body
What is the function of the cerebrum /cerebral cortex
Largest part of the brain, made of two hemispheres. The centre of conscious thought. It receives sensory information, coordinates voluntary movement, makes decisions , recalls memories and alters behaviour in the light of experience.
What is the function of the corpus callosum
Bundle of nerve fibres that links the two cerebral hemispheres and allows exchange of information between them
What are the three types of functional area which perform their own particular function distinct from other areas.
Sensory, association, motor
What are the 3 types of functional area the cerebrum has
• Sensory • Association • Motor
Sensory
Receives information as sensory impulses from the body’s receptors
Association
Analyse and interpret these impulses and takes decisions if necessary
Motor
Receives information from the association areas ans send motor impulses to appropriate effector (send orders to muscles/gland)
What are distinct association areas in the cerebrum involved in
• language processing • personality • imagination • intelligence
Where is the speech motor area normally
The speech motor area is normally on the left side of the brain j
Which type of person Is a split brain patient
A person whose corpus callosum is cut is said to be a split brain patient
Why can exchange of information not take place in split brain patients
The exchange of information between the cerebral hemispheres cannot take place because the corpus callosum is severed and only half the field of view is recognised
What would a split brain patient say what they see
If they were asked to say what they see they would say ‘. ‘ as this word is in the right visual field, seen by the right eye and processed in the left cerebral hemisphere. The speech area is also located within the left cerebral hemisphere
What would a split brain patient pick up
If they were asked to pick up the object that matched what they saw with their left hand they would pick up ‘ ‘ this is because the word ‘. ‘ is seen by the left eye and processed by the right cerebral hemisphere which controls movement of left hand