Analytical Chemistry
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Definition of screening
Used to identify those individuals from a population that are high risk enough to test their symptoms but too expensive to offer to anyone
What is a qualitative test ?
A test to find out the nature of a substance under investigation
What is a quantitative test ?
A test use to find out the concentration or amount of a substance
Analyte definition
A substance or component you want to analyse eg distinguish one molecule from a mixture of molecules
Selectivity definition
A basic analytical property used to distinguish between the analyte in its mixture which may interfere with the analysis
Specificity definition
An analytical method perfectly selective for an analyte or group of analyte
Sensitivity definition
It’s the ability to discriminate between small differences in the concentration of an analyte in a sample
Quality definition
It’s to ensure that methods work according to a particular defined state or method
Quality assurance definition
Makes sure that an analytical laboratory ensures the quality of its services
Quality control definition
Examining the laboratory and its analytical results
What is a systematic error ?
It’s an error relating to the equipment used and how you used it
How can systemic error be reduced ?
Using Better equipment Ensuring that equipment is calibrated Ensuring that the equipment is used correctly
What is a random error ?
An error caused to be unknown or unpredictable environmental changes
Examples of random errors ?
Temperature changes Electrical interference
How can random error be reduced?
Using better equipment Repeating the experiment Controlling ur environment around the equipment
What is molarity ?
The number of moles per litre of solution
What is molality?
The number of moles in one kg of a solution
What unit is used instead of dm^3 ?
Litre L
What is the equation linking concentration, moles and volume ?
Concentration (mol/L) = moles (M) / volume ( L)
Equation for molarity when changing concentrations eg diluting a solution ?
C 1 x V1 = C2 x V2
What is an aliquot ?
When you take a portion of the original concentration
What changes to the molarity equation when the there is a number in front of a molecule in an equation ?
Even if number front of one molecule you times that whole side by that number N(c1 x v1 ) = c2 x v2
What is the generic equation to show this ?
A (c1 x v1 ) = B ( c2 x v2 )
Units for molarity ?
Mol/L