Ionic Bonding
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (7)
1 - What is meant by the term ‘ionic bonding’? 2 - How is an ionic bond formed?
1 - The term ‘ionic bonding’ refers to the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions 2 - It is formed when a metal atom transfers one or more electrons to a non-metal atom This transfer results in the formation of a positive ion (cation) from the metal atom and a negative ion (anion) from the non-metal atom
1 - What is meant by the term ‘ion’? 2 - Why do atoms become ions?
1 - The term ‘ion’ refers to an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of electrons 2 - The loss or gain of electrons takes place to obtain a full outer shell of electrons in order to become stable
Tip: When describing ionic bonding: State how many electrons the metal loses State the resulting charge of the metal ion State how many electrons the non-metal gains State the resulting charge of the non-metal ion State that the oppositely charged ions are held together by strong forces of attraction in ionic bonding Careful: Sometimes you might need more than one metal ion, e.g. Na2O, or non-metal ion, e.g. MgCl2, so be sure to say how many of each ion are needed in these cases
What is an ionic compound?
A compound containing positive and negative ions, held together by electrostatic attraction
Giant Ionic Lattice: The _________ formed by ionic compounds consist of a regular arrangement of ___________ positive and negative ions in which the ions are tightly packed together Strong _________________ forces of attraction are present between oppositely charged ions, holding the ___________ together Electrostatic forces are strong, acting in all ___________ - they form the basis of ionic bonding As a result of so many _____________ forces existing in this __________ structure, ionic compounds have high _________ and __________ points
Giant Ionic Lattice: The lattices formed by ionic compounds consist of a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions in which the ions are tightly packed together Strong electrostatic forces of attraction are present between oppositely charged ions, holding the lattice together Electrostatic forces are strong, acting in all directions - they form the basis of ionic bonding As a result of so many electrostatic forces existing in this lattice structure, ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points
Represent Ionic Compounds: 3D Ball and Stick model The 3D ball and stick model shows the arrangement of oppositely charged ions What are the 3 limitations of the 3D Ball and Stick diagram?
Represent Ionic Compounds: 3D Ball and Stick model 1 - Represents ionic bonds as sticks between ions; in reality an ionic bond is an electrostatic force of attraction that acts in all directions around an ion 2 - Incorrectly depicts space existing between individual ions whereas there is not much space between separate ions 3 - It is difficult to represent the relative sizes of the ions in relation to each other correctly in any model
Ionic Properties: 1 - Ionic substances have high melting and boiling points, why is this? 2 - Solid ionic substances do not conduct electricity, why is this? 3 - Why can ionic compounds only conduct electricity when in a liquid/molten, or aqueous state?
Ionic Properties: 1 - Ionic substances have high melting and boiling points due to the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions is strong and so requires lots energy to break 2 - Solid ionic substances do not conduct electricity as ions fixed in position and not free to move and carry charge. 3 - Ionic compounds can only conduct electricity when in a liquid/molten, or aqueous state as the ions are free to move and carry charge.