The digestive system

• Breakdown of food into smaller particles - This occurs in the mouth, stomach, and jejenum and ileum (small intestine)

• Food is ingested in the mouth - Food is then chewed by the teeth + jaw and mixed with saliva by the tongue

• 4 types of teeth in humans: • 4x Incisors • 2x Canines • 4x Premolars • 6x Molars

Chisel shape teeth for cutting and bitting

Cone shaped teeth for tearing

Broad crown with rounded cusps for grinding and crushing

• HAs 3 Layers of muscle… Oblique Circular Longitudinal … In contrast to the rest of the alimentary canal which only has 2 (circular and longitudinal) • Allows stomach to churn food and mix it with stomach juices

• Liver produces bile salts, which are stored in the gall bladder • Bile is released by the gall bladder into the duodenum and emulsify fats, mechanically breaking food into tiny droplets (increasing the surface area)

• Has muscular walls which push along (peristalsis) and divide it into smaller clumps and mix it (segmentation)