3.3.6.3 Infrared spectroscopy
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What is infrared spectroscopy?
A pair of atoms joined by a chemical bond is always vibrating The stronger bonds vibrate faster Heavier atoms vibrate slower Every bond has a unique natural frequency that is in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum When you shime a beam of infrared radiation through a sample The bonds in the sample can absorb energy from the radiation and vibrate more However it must be the radiation from the same frequency as th natural frequency Radiation that emerges from the sample will be missing the frequencies that correspond to the bonds in the sample
What is an infrared spectrometer?
A beam of infrared radiation containing a spread of frequencies is passed through the sample
What is the fingerprint region?
A mass spectrum of many peaks is unique to each chemical Chemists can match the fingerprint region of a sample on a database
What can the infra-red spectrum be used to show?
If there are any impurities These are shown if the peaks are different to the fingerprint region of the compound