Physical Education Unit 2 Exam
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Physical Activity Definition
Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure
Seven Types of Physical Activity and an example of each:
Chores - Vacuuming Transport - Walking to the bus stop Sport - Playing Basketball Play - Riding a bike Games - Tag Recreation - Lawn Bowls Exercise - Jog
What is the difference between Sport, Physical Activity and Exercise
Exercise is a planned fitness activity Sport is an organized for of competition Physical activity is any bodily movement that requires energy expenditure.
Structured vs Incidental Activity
Incidental activity happens as a part of everyday life, not planned so that physical activity happens as a by product of daily tasks. Eg Vacuuming Structured is usually planned organized or intentional, often completed for fitness, sport or recreation purposes. Eg Gym, going for a run or ride, playing a game of netball.
Three physical benefits of participating in regular physical activity:
Increased muscle mass Improved Sporting Performance Improved Posture
What are the 5 categories of benefits of physical activity and an example of each?
Social - New Friendships within a sporting team Mental - Increased academic performance Emotional - Improved mood Spiritual - Increased sense of connection Physical - Reduced Risk of chronic disease
Explain how physical activity improves overall health and wellbeing
Physical Activity can improve focus, reduce stress, enhance confidence, promote positive moods and emotion regulation
Give one example of how sedentary behavior can negatively affect health
Prolonged Sedentary behaviour increases risk of obesity, poor posture and cardiovascular disease
Outline how social media impacts participation (Positive and Negative)
Define Sociocultural Factors
Relating to the interaction of social and cultural elements (family, peers, gender, SES, cultural beliefs)
List 4 enablers and 4 barriers to participation in sport
Barriers: -Lack of Motivation -Lack of Financial Income -Lack of time -Lack of transportation Enablers: -Supportive Peers -Role Models -Accessible Facilities -Affordable Programs
Explain how Socioeconomic status affects participation
Socioeconomic status affects participation because it can enable you to have access to equipment, but it can also negatively effect participation as someone with a low socioeconomic status may not be able to afford the sporting equipment
Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for Children/Youth 5-17
Muscle/strength training 3x a week 60 mins a day of moderate/vigorous PA Screen time max 2 hours Break up long periods of sitting
Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for Adults 18-64
Strength Training 2x a week 150-300 min moderate PA a week 75-100 min vigorous PA a week
Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines 65+
30 minutes of daily exercise (moderate intensity) strength, balance and flexibility exercises SB - None, because it depends on the individual
Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines 0-5
Define Sedentary Behaviour
Anything that does not require energy expenditure above resting heart rate. Including lying down, sitting, and excluding sleep.
Two Subjective Methods for measuring PA, and definition
Relies on an individuals perception, for example PA diary, interview/questionnaire
Two Objective Methods for measuring PA, and definition
Relies on measurable data and facts, wearable technologies like smart watches, step counters and heart rate monitors
Advantages and Disadvantages of Objective methods
Advantage: -Effective and Reliable Results Disadvantage: -Can be expensive and harder to use
Advantages and Disadvantages of Subjective methods
Advantage: -Cheap and easy to use Disadvantage: -Open to bias, therefore results are less reliable.
What is the Socioecological Model?
A model that considers multiple levels of influence on behaviour
List and define the four levels of the socioecological model
Individual Level- Social Environment Level- Physical Environment Level- Policy and Organizational level-
One strategy at each of level of the socioecological model to increase PA
Individual Level- Personal Goal Setting Social Environment Level- Encourage people to find an activity buddy to be active with. Physical Environment Level- Plant trees and other vegetation and water features to encourage physical activity. Policy and Organizational level- Regularly distribute brochures of Australian PA and SB guidelines.