1. Periodic Table

These are the horizontal rows that show the number of shells of electrons an atom has and are numbered from 1 - 7

These are the vertical columns that show how many outer electrons each atom has and are numbered from 1 – 7, with a final group called Group 0 (instead of group 8)

• Electron arrangement: 1-3 outer shell electrons • Bonding: Metallic bonding due to loss of electrons • Electrical conductivity: Good conductor of electricity • Type of oxide: Basic oxides • Reaction with acids: Many react with acids

• Usually lustrous (shiny) • Solid at room temperature (excluding mercury) • Malleable, can be bent and shaped • High melting and boiling point • Ductile

• Electron arrangement: 4-7 outer shell electrons • Bonding: Covalent bonding by sharing of outer shell electrons • Electrical conductivity: Poor conductors of electricity • Type of oxide: Acidic oxides (some are neutral) • Reaction with acids: Usually do not react with acids

• Dull, non-reflective • Different states at room temperature • Flaky, brittle • Low melting and boiling points

They have a full outer shell of electrons.

They have the same number of outer shell electrons.

• Non-metals • Monatomic (exist as single atoms) • Colourless and non-flammable gases at room temperature