Module 2 Biochemistry of the cell

emphasized that for life to exist at all , the environment must first be suitable and that leads to water

Water has four emergent properties which are stated below:

Water molecules stay close to each other as a result of ___ and these bonds that hold the water together, is a phenomenon called ____. contributes to the transport of water and dissolved nutrients against gravity in plants

the clinging of one substance to another This ____ of water to cell walls by hydrogen bonds helps counter the downward pull of gravity.

Water moderates air temperature by

This property of water also helps warm the air when it is nighttime and tends to stabilize the ocean temperature

contributes to the stability of temperature in lakes and ponds also provides a mechanism that prevents terrestrial organisms from overheating helps keep the tissue in the leaves from becoming too warm in the sunlight

The solvent is then involved in the dissolving of ions which contributes to processes happening in the body such as the formation of the ___

Biomolecules (4)

macromolecules that exist as polymers They store, transmit, and help express hereditary information.

A nucleotide is composed of three parts:

In a polynucleotide, each ___ has only one ____. The portion of the nucleotide without any phosphate groups is called a ____.

two families of nitrogenous bases: has one six-membered ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms. larger, with a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring.

Pyrimidine (3)

Purines (2)

found in both DNA and RNA (3) ____ is only found in DNA and ____ only in RNA

Pairings Adenine = Guanine =

The two ____ run in arrangement called “antiparallel”

a biologically functional molecule that consists of one or more polypeptides (polymers of amino acids)

Shapes of protein (2)

Folding of proteins are done by ____

when proteins are transferred from an aqueous environment to a ____, it unravels and loses its native shape by a process called denaturation.

It is a linked series of amino acids with a unique sequence Structure from inherited genetic information.

This is collectively referred to as ____ which are the result of hydrogen bonds between the repeating constituents of the polypeptide backbone