lecture 2
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Argument of design: William Paley
• Since organisms show clear purposeful designs, there must have been a designer
Lamarcks theory
• Organism will acquire characteristics during their lifetime and pass it onto their offspring • We will see changes within generations and not across
Why was Lamarcks theory wrong
• He thinks that its the body cells that change and gets passed on • heredity information is only passed on from germline cells (sperm and eggs), not somatic cells • traits acquired during an organism’s lifetime will not be passed on because the germline cells did not change
Darwin’s mechanism of natural selection
• Variation - there needs to be variation in a population • Heredity - The variation needs to be heritable • Differential fitness - some are more successful at surviving/reproduce than others
variational evolution (darwinian)
• We have variation at birth • Individuals don’t change within their lifetime • Population in generation 2 looks different than generation 1 because some variant reproduced and some didn’t
transformational evolution (lamarkian)
• At birth, the population looks similar • We dont need variation at birth • Organism will change within their lifetime • From generation 1 to generation 2, offspring will look like their parent
Important elements of Darwin’s theory
• Populations evolve, not individuals • Environment is not inducing variation - environment is selecting for some variant • The most fit depends on the environment - what’s fit in 1 environment might not be fit in another environment • Some forms will be more it than others