Swine Exam
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What is Gilt?
A female pig prior to first litter or under the age of 2 years.
What is a Sow?
A female pig after first litter.
What is a Boar?
An intact male pig.
What is a Barrow?
A castrated male pig.
Duroc
National Swine Registry Breed Origin: England Color: red Ears: down - excellent marbling - used as a terminal sire commercially
Yorkshire
National Swine Registry Breed Origin: England Color: Solid white color ears: erect/up - known as the mother breed for excellent maternal traits - used commercially as a maternal breed
Hampshire
National Swine Registry Breed Origin: England Color: black with a white belt ears: erect/up - known for muscularity, poorer on the maternal side - not used a lot commercially, but have terminal strengths
Landrace
National Swine Registry Breed Origin: Denmark Color: Solid white color Ears: LARGE down - known for their maternal ability, also have extra vertebrae - large litters, extremely prolific - used as a maternal breed commercially
Berkshire
National Swine Registry Breed Origin: England Color: mostly black body with white points (feet, nose, tail) Ears: erect - known for marbling ability and carcass quality fastest growing breed in recent years formerly a CPS breed
Spotted (or Spots)
Certified Pedigree Swine Breed Origin: USA Color: black and white spotted Ears: down - known as a muscular breed with added growth used primarily as a terminal breed
Chester White
Certified Pedigree Swine Breed Color: Solid white color Ears: SMALL down - one of the most versatile breeds - known a bit more for their maternal strengths - typically are more aggressive - used commercially as a maternal breed
Poland China
Certified Pedigree Swine Breed Color: black with white points Ears: down - versatile, known for larger litters and muscularity - used to be one of the largest breeds in the USA 50+ years ago, but has since regressed
Hereford & Tamworth
These two breeds have little to no relevance in the commercial side of business but are growing in popularity in the show pig sector
Cross Breeding
Whiteline: Maternal, breeds A&B HD: terminal
Typical time frame from conception to harvest
• 300 days or less from conception to harvest
How long is a Sows pregnancy?
114 days (3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days)
How many days between birth and harvest?
160-190 days
When are piglets weaned?
About 21 days or less
How much time does a pig spend in nursery?
weaning to 8-10 weeks
How long is the growing/finishing phase?
3-4 months
Farrow to Wean
strictly a sow farm, only keeps pigs until weaned and then shipped and moved off-site to feed
Farrow to Feeder
Pigs are kept from farrow through the nursery phase
Feeder to Finisher
It is strictly a finishing operation, but feeder pigs and fed until harvest
Farrow to Finish
All stages of production