A & H no understand
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Oxidation of aldehydes. Reaction, reagent and conditions
Reaction: Aldehyde -> Carboxylic acid R: Potassium dichromate + dilute sulfuric acid C: Heat under reflux
Reduction of aldehydes. Reaction, reagent and conditions
Reaction: Aldehydes -> Primary alcohols R: NaBH4 or LiAlH4 in aqueous ethanol C: Room temp + pressure
Reduction of ketones. Reaction, reagent and conditions
Reaction: Aldehydes -> Secondary alcohols R: NaBH4 or LiAlH4 in aqueous ethanol C: Room temp + pressure
Reaction if propanone is reduced
CH3COCH3 + 2[H] -> CH3CHOHCH3
Reaction if proponal is oxidised
CH3CH3COH + [O] -> CH3CH2COOH
Addition of HCN to carbonyls Reaction, reagent and conditions
Reaction: carbonyl -> hydroxynitrile R: KCN + dilute sulfuric acid C: Room temp and pressure
Why can the addition of HCN to carbonyls form a racemate
Nucleophile has an equal chance of attacking both sides of the planar C=O bond