M3/5 - Qual tests of Ions
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State the reagent needed to test for carbonate ions CO32- Can you state both the name and the formula for this reagent?
Acid H+ (usually nitric acid HNO3)
State the reagent needed to test for sulfate ions SO42- Can you state both the name and the formula for this reagent?
Aqueous barium nitrate Ba(NO3)2 (or barium chloride BaCl2)
State the reagent needed to test for chloride ions Cl- Can you state both the name and the formula for this reagent?
Aqueous silver nitrate AgNO3 May need to also add dilute Ammonia to confirm!
State the reagent needed to confirm between white AgCl and cream AgBr Can you state both the name and the formula for this reagent?
Dilute ammonia NH3
State the reagent needed to confirm between cream AgBr and yellow AgI Can you state both the name and the formula for this reagent?
Concentrated ammonia NH3
State the reagent needed to test for ammonium ions Can you state both the name and the formula for this reagent?
Sodium hydroxide NaOH and red litmus paper Remember, the litmus paper is testing for the ammonia gas produced!
State the reagent needed to test for copper (II) ions Cu2+
Sodium hydroxide NaOH or Ammonia NH3 Only add small amounts for the precipitation test!
State the ion present based on the observation. NaOH: blue precipitate Think formula AND name for this ion
Cu2+ Copper (II)
State the ion present based on the observation. Small amount of Ammonia: green precipitate Excess ammonia: no change Think formula AND name for this ion
Fe2+ Iron (II) Chromium (III) also gives a green precipitate (grey-green) but this dissolves in excess ammonia!
State the ion present based on the observation. NaOH: pale pink precipitate Think formula AND name for this ion
Mn2+Manganese (II)
State the ion present based on the observation. HCl: bubbles Think formula AND name for this ion
CO32- Carbonate
State the ion present based on the observation. Acid: no bubbles Barium nitrate: white precipitate Think formula AND name for this ion
SO42- Sulfate (VI) This is sometimes just called sulfate as it is the most common version.
State the ion present based on the observation. Acid: no bubbles Silver nitrate: precipitate Dilute ammonia: precipitate dissolves Think formula AND name for this ion
Cl- Chloride
State the observation(s) when nitric acid is added to sodium carbonate solution Think about what causes the observation!
Bubbles produces CO2 gas
State the observation(s) when barium chloride is added to sodium sulfate Think about what causes the observation!
White precipitate produces insoluble BaSO4
State the observation(s) when silver nitrate is added to sodium bromide Think about what causes the observation!
Cream precipitate produces insoluble AgBr
State the observation(s) when dilute ammonia is added to silver bromide
Cream precipitate does not dissolve
State the observation(s) when concentrated ammonia is added to silver bromide
Cream precipitate dissolves
State the observation(s) when NaOH is added to iron (III) sulfate Think about what causes the observation!
Rusty brown precipitate produces insoluble Fe(OH)3
State the observation(s) when small amounts of ammonia is added to Chromium (III) sulfate Think about what causes the observation!
Grey-green precipitate produces insoluble Cr(OH)3