Stoichiometry
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Avogadro constant
1 mole = 6.022 x 10^23
Dilution formula
C1V1 = C2V2
Ideal Gas Law
PV = nRT, where P = pressure (kPa or Atm) V= Volume (Liters) n = mole R = gas constant T = Temperature (Kelvin’s)
temp conversion to kelvin
°C + 273 = k
Avogadro’s Law
V1/N1 = V2/N2
CHARLE’S LAW
V1/T1 = V2/T2
GAY LUSSAC’S LAW
P1/T1 = P2/T2
BOYLE’S LAW
P1V1 = P2V2
COMBINED GAS LAW
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
value of R gas const
• 0.0821 (atm) • 8.31(k pa ) • 62.4 (mm of hg )
relative atomic mass of carbon: * if c12 is 30% * c13 20% * c14 50%
0.3(12)+0.2(13)+0.5(14) = 3.6 + 2.6 + 7 = 13.2
percentage yield
Percent Yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) x 100 actual yield : yield that was obtained in expression theoritical: yield that is theoritically obtainable acc to the reaction equation
orbitals are filled singly before being doubly occupied
Hunds rule
Hunds rule
orbitals are filled singly before being doubly occupied