Digestive System Lessons 1-2
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components to digestion
mechanical and chemical
what is the mouth bound by
cheeks and lips
when does mechanical digestion begin
when the food is chewed(masticated) and shaped into a ball(bolus)
what is the tongue responsible for
moving and tasting food inside the mouth
what is the tongue composed of
skeletal muscles
what is taste? how is it performed?
taste is a type of chemoreception and it is performed by using the taste buds on a tongue
how do taste buds work?
taste buds absorb molecules and send signals to the brain to identify the molecule that was sensed
what are teeth responsible for
the mechanical breakdown of food
what are teeth? how are they used?
teeth are the hardest substances in the human body and are used with jaw muscles to break down food into smaller bits
how many baby teeth do children have
20
how many teeth would we have after losing our baby teeth
32
describe how teeth are stuck to our gums and the components
anchored in the gums by long root extensions, our teeth are layered with enamel, dentin and pulp which house blood vessels in the center
the 3 types of teeth
incisors, canines, molars
what are incisors usually used for
cutting and plucking(usually plant matter)
what are canines usually used for
tearing(usually flesh)
what are molars usually used for
crushing and grinding(usually plant matter)
what is the roof of the mouth called
the palate
what is the function of the palate
it is used to separate two cavities from one another; the nasal cavity and the mouth cavity
what is the palate composed of
hard palate and soft palate
if a child was born without the full formation of the palate, what would they have?
a cleft palate
what are salivary glands
3 paired regions of epithelial tissue that produce saliva
what is saliva used for
to assist chemical digestion
what is the hard palate composed of
bone
what is the soft palate composed of
muscles