Chapter 7
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Molality (m) equation
m = mol solute/kg solvent
Molarity (M) equation
M = mol solute/ L solution
What are the 5 compounds that make ionic compounds SOLUBLE?
group 1 cations NO3- (nitrate) ClO4- (perchlorate) C2H3O2- (acetate) NH4+ (ammonium)
What are the 7 compounds that make ionic compounds INSOLUBLE?
Ag+ (silver) Pb 2+ (lead) S^2- (sulfide) OH- (hydroxide) Hg2^2+ (dimercury) CO3^2- (carbonate) PO4^3- (phosphate)
Gas dissolves more at _____ temperatures and ____ pressures.
low, high think of a can of cold soda!
If the amount of solute dissolved is greater than the solubility, then we have a _____ solution. On the other hand, if the solute dissolved is less than the solubility, then an ____ solution is formed.
supersaturated unsaturated
If a compound is a strong electrolyte, it will thus have a low a) freezing point b) boiling point
A
The vapor pressure of a solution of two volatile liquids will be_____ the vapor pressure of the pure liquids
between
Determine the vapor pressure of a solution of chloroform and dichloromethane, where the mole fraction of chloroform is 0.40. The vapor pressure of chloroform is 160 mmHg, while that of dichloromethane is 540 mmHg. A. 160 mm Hg B. 350 mmHg C. 380 mmHg D. 388 mmHg E. 540 mmHg
D 0.40 (160) + 0.60 (540)
Consider a solution that contains 0.1 mol of benzene and 0.2 mol of toluene. What is the vapor pressure of this solution at 25 oC? The vapor pressure of pure benzene and pure toluene is 75 torr and 21 torr, respectively.
39 torr Ptotal= Ptoluene + Pbenzene (Raoult’s Law: P=X*P° (X=mole fraction, P°=pure pressure) Pvapor=(0.1/0.1+0.2)(75 torr)+(0.2/0.1+0.2)(21 torr)=25+14=39 torr (B)