Ch. 9

Period of high birth rates from 1946 to 1964

Births/deaths per 1000 people

Allows people to live in comfort without unsustainable use of earths resources

As countries become industrialised, their death rates and then their birth rates decrease, followed by population increase

Country trapped in transitional stage of demographic transition, caused by weak economy

Low birth and death rates, stable population that could even decrease a little

High birth and death rates, little population growth

Educational and clinical services to help people choose number and time of children. Provide natal info

People favor male children in China, so they give up their daughters due to the one child policy.

Birth rates drop and nearly reach death rates, brought by industrialisation medical advances and modernisation.

Indicate overall health of people in a country

Number of children needed to replace average couple. 2.1 in developed countries and 2.5 in developing countries

TFR, average number of children a woman has during her life.

industrilisation begins, food production rises, health care improves, and death rates drop birth rates stay high and population growth increases

People have better access to family planning and tend to have fewer children

Importance of children in the labor force Cost of raising and educating children Availability if private and public pension systems Urbanization Educational and employment opportunities for women Infant mortality rate Average age at marriage Availability of legal abortions Availability of reliable birth control Religious beliefs, traditions, cultural norms

People live longer because of more food better nutrition medical advances improved sanitation safer water supplies

Inadequate health care for poor women Drug addiction in poor women High birth rate among teenagers

Due to delayed marriage contraceptive use and abortion