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Metabolic Reactions

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

Define the term anabolism and catabolism, how are these 2 different?

Back (Answer)

• Anabolism requires energy to grow and build up complex molecules • Catabolism uses energy to break down complex molecules through metabolism

#2
Front (Question)

What are the 5 metabolic reactions?

Back (Answer)

• glycogenesis • glycogenolysis • gluconeogenesis • lipolysis • lipogenesis

#3
Front (Question)

Describe what happens during Glycogenesis

Back (Answer)

Synthesis of glycogen from glucose

#4
Front (Question)

What effect will glycogenesis have on blood glucose levels? (BGL)

Back (Answer)

Decrease BGL

#5
Front (Question)

What hormone stimulates glycogenesis?

Back (Answer)

Insulin

#6
Front (Question)

Describe what happens during Glycogenolysis

Back (Answer)

Breakdown of glycogen to form glucose

#7
Front (Question)

What effect will glycogenolysis have on BGL?

Back (Answer)

Increase BGL

#8
Front (Question)

What hormones stimulate glycogenolysis?

Back (Answer)

• Glucagon - Adrenaline

#9
Front (Question)

Describe what happens during Gluconeogenesis

Back (Answer)

Synthesis of glucose from glycerol, amino acids and lactic acid

#10
Front (Question)

What effect will gluconeogenesis have on BGL?

Back (Answer)

Increase BGL

#11
Front (Question)

What hormones stimulate gluconeogenesis?

Back (Answer)

• Cortisol - Glucagon

#12
Front (Question)

Describe what happens during lipolysis

Back (Answer)

The breakdown of triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids

#13
Front (Question)

What effect will lipolysis have on BGL?

Back (Answer)

Increase BGL

#14
Front (Question)

What hormones stimulate lipolysis?

Back (Answer)

• Adrenaline • Cortisol • Thyroid hormones • Growth hormones

#15
Front (Question)

Describe what happens during lipogenesis

Back (Answer)

Synthesis of lipids from glucose and amino acids

#16
Front (Question)

What effect will lipogenesis have on BGL?

Back (Answer)

Decrease BGL

#17
Front (Question)

What hormone stimulate lipogenesis?

Back (Answer)

Insulin

#18
Front (Question)

State where glycogen is stored

Back (Answer)

Mostly in skeletal muscle fibres and some in liver cells

#19
Front (Question)

Name the two products resulting from lipolysis

Back (Answer)

• Glycerol - Fatty Acids

#20
Front (Question)

What are ketone bodies (ketones) produced from?

Back (Answer)

If levels of CoA produced are too high for the kerbs cycle to process, the liver converts the CoA into ketone bodies

#21
Front (Question)

Describe what causes an increase in ketones

Back (Answer)

• Overproduction of ketones occurs in conditions of: Severe starvation Uncontrolled diabetes

#22
Front (Question)

List the clinical signs & symptoms that would result from excess ketones

Back (Answer)

• Change the chemical balance of your blood - Dehydration

#23
Front (Question)

Explain the clinical significance of excess ketones – state what homeostatic imbalance will occur

Back (Answer)

Ketone bodies are acidic and an excess production can lower blood pH and cause metabolic acidosis

#24
Front (Question)

What is metabolic acidosis?

Back (Answer)

A decrease in blood pH caused by non-respiratory conditions