the physiochemical properties of drugs
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (18)
some examples of the various physiochemical properties of drugs
Solubility Partition Coefficient LogP Ionization Hydrogen Bonding Chelation Surface activity Isosterism
chelation
refers to the formation of a complex between a metal ion and a drug molecule
chelating agent
aka chelator or ligand, is a substance that has multiple sites capable of binding to a metal ion, creating a stable complex.
epicutaneous drugs
drugs applied onto the skin
factors that affect drug absorption
Concentration of the drug Route of administration Solubility of the drug Dissolution rate for solid dosage form
the main processes by which a drug molecule crosses the natural barriers(e.g cell membranes )
Simple diffusion◦ Facilitated diffusion◦ Pore transport◦ Diffusion of the ion across the membrane◦ Active transport◦ phagocytosis
is the blood always distributed evenly around the body?
no, it is evenly distributed throughout the blood supply, and since certain areas of the body have larger blood supllies than others, the distribution is proportional to this.
do different drugs penetrate different tissues at the same speed? give a reason for your answer
no, because this is dependent on the drugs ability to cross the membranes of the particular tissues
what are some factors that drug distribution into tissues might be dependent on
permeability age of person weight…etc
drug metabolism
chemical alteration of the drug by the body
prodrugs
drugs that are administered in an inactive form and metabolized into the active form
can metabolites have the same therapeutic effect or toxicity as the original drug
they may have similar toxicities and therapeutic effects
instead of being excreted after being metabolised, what could happen to the drug metabolites ?
they could be metabolised further and then excreted
the termination of the effects of a drug is caused by?
biotransformation excretion of the metabolites/drug
during drug metabolism, a significant portion of the drug is metabolised to……………………. chemical by the hepatic enzyme
inactive
name some known storage sites for drugs in the body
Plasma proteins, certain tissues, neutral fat, bone and transcelluar fluids(gastro intestinal tract)
name some factors on which the aqueous solubility of a drug depends on
Buffer & Ionic strength Polymorphism & Purity of the sample pH Super saturation Thermodynamic Vs Kinetic solubility