Gaseous Exchange
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Breathing
The muscular mechanism to transport air containing oxygen from the atmosphere to the lungs and CO2 from the lungs to the atmosphere
Respiration
The biochemical process in which cells of an organism obtain energy by combining oxygen and glucose, resulting in the release of carbon dioxide, water and energy
Explain the effects of physical activity on the rate and depth of breathing
When you run you need MORE energy MORE oxygen is needed to release energy You breath deeper and faster to MORE oxygen into your blood and you heart beats faster to get oxygen to the muscles
Effects of Nicotine
Reduces diameter of arterioles Hypertension Damages endothelium of blood vessels Cholesterol Thrombosis Addictive
Effects of Carbon monoxide
Combines with haemoglobin Reduces oxygen transportation Cells respire less Damage lining of arteries CO poisioning
Effects of Tar
Irritant to mucus membrane Cancer Over-secretion of mucus Damages cilia
Tabaco smoking can cause Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Emphysema Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema
Damage to elastic fibres causes alveoli to burst- less surface area
Chronic bronchitis
inflammation and excess mucus build up inside airways0 narrows the airway