2.c - Gasses in the atmosphere
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method of collecting carbon dioxide
thermal decomposition copper carbonate (green powder) copper carbonate = carbon dioxide + copper oxide heat copper (II) carbonate and collect the gas ( CO2) given off in a test tube.
what does thermal decomposition of metal carbonates produce
Carbon dioxide + metal oxide
how can you produce carbon dioxide and metal oxides
from metal carbonates
what are the properties of carbon dioxide
denser than air slightly soluble in water
why is carbon dioxide being denser than air make it a suitable use for
fire extinguishers denser than air = sinks = can smother a fire = starve fire of oxygen = put the fire out
What is the percentage of the four most abundant gases in air
Nitrogen = 78% Oxygen = 21% Carbon Dioxide = 0.04% Argon= nearly 1%
How can iron be used to determine the percentage of oxygen in air
Iron removes oxygen from air to form rust • Push Iron wool in acetic acid ( catalyst) into measuring cylinder then invert measuring cylinder into beaker of water • Record starting position of water = starting volume of air using scale on MEASURING CYLINDER • Over time level of water in measuring cylinder rises • Iron reacts with oxygen = iron oxide, water rises = fill space oxygen took up • Leave measuring cylinder for about a week or until water level stops changing • Record finishing position of water = final volume of air
How to calculate the % of oxygen from iron and phosphorus volume experiments
( Start volume - final volume / start volume ) x 100
How can phosphorus be used to determine the % of oxygen in air
• Place phosphorus in tube and attach glass syringe at each end, 1 filled with air and 1 empty • Heat phosphorus + use syringe to pass air over it - phosphorus + oxygen = phosphorus oxide • As it reacts amount of air in syringes decreases • Measure starting and final volume of air using scale on one of the syringes ( push all air into one syringe to measure final volume )
Describe the combustion of magnesium in oxygen
Bright white flame Forms white powder = magnesium oxide ( MgO = slightly alkaline when dissolved in water )
Describe the combustion of hydrogen in air
Burns very easily = explosive = small amounts = squeaky pop Orange/ yellow flame Forms water ( as water vapour )
Describe combustion of Sulfur in oxygen
Pale blue flame Produce Sulfur dioxide Sulfur dioxide = acidic when dissolved in water
What is carbon dioxide
A green house gas
What do greenhouse gasses do
Act like insulating layer Absorb most of the heat that would normally be radiated our into space, and re-radiate in all directions including back towards earth
What kind of human activity effects the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Deforestation = less CO2 removed via photosynthesis Burning fossil fuels Both increase amount of CO2
How does the increasing amount of CO2 in the atmosphere linked to (effect) climate change
Increase in CO2 = increase average temp of Earth = ( correlation ) = global warming
What is global warming
Type of climate change + causes other type of climate change. Eg. Changing rainfall patterns Cause severe flooding due to polar ice caps melting and sea level rising