Important : chemical tests
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Steps to carry out a flame test ( 3 steps )
• Dip nichrome wire into HCl then in Bunsen flame to clean it • Dip nichrome wire into sample being tested • Hold wire in blue Bunsen flame
Flame test : bright red flame =?
Lithium ions
Flame test : yellow (orange ) flame =?
Sodium ions
Flame test : lilac flame =?
Potassium ions
Flame test : brick red flame =?
Calcium ions
Flame test : apple green flame =?
Barium ions
Flame test : blue green flame =?
Cooper ions
Flame test : lithium ions = ?
Bright red
Flame test : sodium ions = ?
Yellow ( orange )
Flame test : potassium ions = ?
Lilac
Flame test : calcium ions = ?
Brick red
Flame test : barium ions = ?
Apple green
Flame test : copper ions = ?
Blue green
Sodium hydroxide test : blue precipitate =?
Copper ions
Sodium hydroxide test : dirty green precipitate =?
Iron ( II ) ions
Sodium hydroxide test : orange/brown precipitate =?
iron ( III ) ions
Sodium hydroxide test : white precipitate =?
Calcium ions Magnesium ions
Sodium hydroxide test : whote precipitate ( re - dissolved with XS ) =?
Aluminium ions
Sodium hydroxide test : copper ions =?
Blue precipitate
Sodium hydroxide test : iron ( II ) ions =?
Dirty green precipitate
Sodium hydroxide test : iron ( III ) ions =?
Orange/ brown precipitate
Sodium hydroxide test : calcium ions =?
White precipitate
Sodium hydroxide test : magnesium ions =?
White precipitate
Sodium hydroxide test : aluminium ions =?
White precipitate ( re - dissolves with XS )