unit 5

the process b which plants, algae, and some microorganisms harness solar energy and convert it into chemical energy

the range of possible frequencies of radiation

discrete packets of kinetic energy

the distance a photon moves during a complete vibration

green pigment that plants, algae, and cyanobacteria use to harness the energy in sunlight

energy-capturing pigment molecules other than chlorophyll a

tin openings in the leaf or stem epidermis that allow for gas exchange

photosynthetic interior of leaf

organelles of photosynthesis in plants and algaes

gelatinous fluid containing ribosomes, DNA, and enzymes

a membrane studded with photosynthetic pigments enclosing the thylakoid space

DNA outer membrane inner membrane stroma ribosomes granum (thylakoid, thylakoid space, pigment molecules embeeded in thylakoid membrane)

cluster of pigment molecules and proteins in a chloroplasts thylakoid membrane

phtosynthetic pigment that passes photon energy to the reaction center of a photosystem

a molecule of chlorophyll a that accepts photon energy from the antenna pigments

light reactions (converts solar energy to chemical energy and produces ATP and NADPH) Carbon reactions (uses ATP and NADPH, converts CO2 to Glucose, and O2 is a waste product)

a coenzyme that carries pairs of energized electrons

series of membrane-associated electron carriers embedded in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

reactions that produce ATP using ATP synthase and the potential energy of a proton gradient

the metabolic pathway that use NADPH and ATP to assemble CO2 molecules into three-carbon carbohydrate molecules, eventually becoming glucose

the initial incorporation of carbon from CO2 into a organic compound

five carbon molecule that reacts with CO2

enzyme that adds CO2 to RuBP

a three-carbon molecule, PGA, is the first stable compound in the pathway