1.6 Equilibrium
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Define the term dynamic equilibrium.
The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. (Hence, the concentrations of reactant and product do not change)
Give an essential condition for an equilibrium mixture.
● Equilibrium occurs in a closed system (where reactants and products cannot escape) OR ● Macroscopic properties do not change with time
State Le Chatelier’s principle.
If a system at equilibrium is disturbed, the equilibrium moves in the direction that tends to reduce the disturbance.
What effect does a catalyst have on the position of equilibrium?
No effect. because catalyst affects rate of forward and reverse reactions equally
What condition affects the value of Kc?
Temperature
What type of system is Kc relevant for?
Homogeneous systems in equilibrium
What does Kc being greater of lesser than 1 suggest for the position of equilibrium?
Greater than 1 = over to the right Lesser than 1 = over to the left
What effect does decreasing the temperature in an endothermic reaction have on Kc?
Kc decreases
What effect does decreasing the temperature in an exothermic reaction have on Kc?
Kc increases