Unit 1B BIO QUIZ
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what is the law of dominance
if an organism has one dominant allele and one recessive allele the dominant one is expressed
what is another word for hybrid
heterozygous
Mendels 1st experiment what did he cross and what was the off spring
Mendel crossed two homozygous pure bread pea plants TT x tt and noticed all offspring was Tt meaning all pea plants were tall
Why were all the F1 plants tall?
because (T) tall is dominant over short (t) this shows law of dominance
Mendel’s second cross (F1x F1) produced what
TtxTt Results Genotypic ratio- 1: 2: 1 phenotypic ratio = 3 tall: 1 short
what is the law segregation
When gametes are being formed, alleles separate to have variety of offspring
why in F2 generation of Mendels first experiment do short plants re appear
because of the law of segregation -If alleles did not segregate Tt would pass as one unit resulting in all Tall plants again but because it does separate recessive combinations can form which is why we see short plants in F2
What was the parents crossed in Mendel’s second experiment
RRYY x rryy
what was the F1 genotype
all RrYy heterozygous dominant for both traits
what cross produced the F2 generation
RrYy x RrYy
how many gametes can RrYy produce to cross for F2 generation
4 gametes Ry RY ry rY
why can RrYy produce 4 different gametes
Because of the law of independent assortment -the alleles separate independently.
what phenotypic ratio does the F2 generation produce in dihybrid crosses
9:3:3:1
Why were pea plants a good species to work with for Mendels experiments
-grow quickly -produce many offspring -clear/ distinct traits -self-pollinate (can create pure bred plants )