Chapter 4 - Chemical Formulae and Equations
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How is an element symbol written?
• First letter is always capital • Second letter is small
What do atoms combine to get?
fixed ratio to have full outer shells
What does the structural formula tell us?
The way in which atoms or molecules are bonded
What does the molecular formula tell us?
The actual number and types of atoms of each element in one molecule
How do you know the number of bonds for an element?
Group number
What is empirical formula?
The simplest whole number ratio
How is the empirical formula of organic molecules?
They have different empirical and molecular formulae
How is the formula for ionic compounds?
Always empirical
What is an easy way to write an ionic compiund?
Remember charges of all important elements and cross multiply
What are the 3 parts to a word equation?
• Reactants • Products • Arrows
What two types of atoms does an ionic compound have?
A metal or non - metal and ends with ide
What is important to note when balancing equations?
Same number of atoms
How should state be written?
In brackets
What are the 4 state symbols?
(aq) - Aqueous (s) - Solid (l) - Liquid (g) - Gas
Acids are always in which state?
(aq)
What is important to note when you write balanced ionic compound equations?
Balance the number of atoms, you cannot change the equation.
Define relative atomic mass.
The average mass of the isotopes of an element compared to 1/12th of the mass of 12^C
What is the symbols of relative atomic mass?
Ar
What does molecular mass refer to?
Total mass of molecule
who’s is the symbol of molecular mass?
Mr
How do we calculate molecular mass?
Add up the relative atomic masses of all elements