General Anatomy of Human

The cell has three main parts: plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus.

organelles or cellular functions Organelles carry out metabolic life functions necessary to maintain the cell -their compared to the organs that sustain the functioning of our bodies

is made of phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins. proteins are specific for individual molecules and act as gatekeepers that allow only certain molecules in and out, making the membrane selectively permeable

is the semi-fluid substance inside of the membrane that contains organelles

Is the most prominent organelle in the cell and is spherical in appearance Protected by a double membrane and contains genetic material in the form of nucleic acid DNA This DNA encodes for all the proteins necessary for the cell and the organism carries out its life functions when new cells are needed for growth or repairs of tissues, the DNA is replicated in its entirety and the cell enters into the process of cell division or mitosis

is continuous with the outer membrane of the nucleus and is composed of parallel flattened sacs covered with ribosomes smooth ER has no ribosomes and functions as the site of lipid production and storage

are the site of the synthesis of the protein that is encoded by the DNA in the nucleus

Once proteins are made on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, they are packaged in parts of the membrane into vesicles and transported to the Golgi complex. The protein vesicles fuse with the Golgi, where they are modified and packaged and transported to where they are needed. So the golgi is referred to as the manufacturing and shipping department of the cell

Is referred to as the manufacturing and shipping department of the cell. Also responsible for packaging digestive enzymes within vesicles known as lysosomes and are necessary for cellular metabolism

For a cell to complete cellular processes, it must create usable cellular energy from the energy stored in the chemical bonds of the foods humans eat Mitochondria is the power house of the cell, changes food energy into usable cellular energy through cellular respiration. This usable energy is adenosine triphosphate ATP

Group of similar cells that work together to perform a singular function are classified as tissues

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nervous tissue

covers body surfaces, lines body cavities, and serves as a protective barrier

Connects other tissues to each other and serves to bind and support body parts

Moves the body and its contents by contraction

Receives stimuli from the internal or external environment and communicates through electrical impulses with the rest of the body

Tissues are organized into organs Consists of two or more different tissues and have a specific shape and function Not all organs are internal like skin (made up of all 4 tissue) Kidney is internal organ with a definite shape consisting of epithelial, connective, and nervous tissue. Its main function is to recycle nutrients and filter wastes from the blood

Related organs with a common multifaceted function make up an organ system organ systems work together in a harmonized fashion to maintain homeostasis Ex. Digestive and Respiratory

has the function of breaking down and processing the food we eat, and eliminating the solid waste Performs this function with many organs including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas

performs the function of exchanging the gas of CO2 for Os with the coordinated effort of the organs of the pharynx, larynx, bronchus, trachea, lungs, and diaphragm

Are extracting oxygen from the atmosphere and expelling carbon dioxide from the body into the air Constructed to maximize surface area for the exchange of gases Alveoli are the sites in the lower part of the lungs where gases are exchanged between respiratory and circulatory systems

Mediates the uptake of oxygen for metabolism and the release of carbon dioxide a waste product into the atmosphere The process of aerating the lungs is known as ventilation

Its divided into the upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract.

Nose, Nasal Cavity, Paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, pharynx, glottis, and larynx