Ch16 Organic Synthesis
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Describe the technique of distillation:
• Used to separate pure liquids from its impurities • flask is heated and mixture in flask will boil, different liquids in mixture will have different boiling points • Liquid with lowest BP with boil first (more volatile) • Vapour moves up flask and reaches cold condenser, where vapour condenses and becomes liquid again, dripping down into collecting flask.
Describe refluxing technqiue
• Refluxing allows liquid to be continually boiled whilst reaction occurs. • Vapour (toxic) rises up of inner tube of condenser and meets outer jacket containing cold water, vapour condenses and drips back down.
Describe the technique of purifying an organic liquid
Describe the technique of purifying organic products if the organic product is with water, and what to do once organic layer is identified:
Explain the purpose of a drying agent, and name some examples:
