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Viruses

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

Why are viruses not considered living

Back (Answer)

Viruses do not poses any characteristics of life, except for the ability to reproduce and this can be only done while it’s inside a host cell. They have to highjack the hosts cell in order to perform metabolic processes like making copies of their nucleic acid and their protective protein coat. This makes them obligatory parasites

#2
Front (Question)

what does endemic mean

Back (Answer)

A disease found among a particular group of people in a local region

#3
Front (Question)

What does epidemic mean

Back (Answer)

A disease that occurs in many individuals in a community at the same time

#4
Front (Question)

What does pandemic mean

Back (Answer)

A disease that effects many people around the world

#5
Front (Question)

How are viruses named

Back (Answer)

Viruses are named according to the host they infect and the typical symptoms that they produce and sometimes the place of original epidemic

#6
Front (Question)

How does a virus infect a person and take over the host cells and replaced

Back (Answer)

Virus bonds it receptors on host cell, viral RNA reverse transcriptase, integrate, and other viral proteins enter the host cell Viral RNA is reverse transcribed to make DNA Viral DNA enters the nucleus and integrates into the host cells DNA New RNAs act as viral gnomes and are translated to make viral proteins Viral RNA and proteins assemble at the cell surface, forming new viral particles A protease process viral proteins to make mature viral particle

#7
Front (Question)

What are the precautions to avoid being infected by a virus

Back (Answer)

Stay away from sick people, wash your hands often, boost your immune system by eating good nutritious food, stay hydrated and get plenty of sleep. You can also get a vaccine if one is available

#8
Front (Question)

What are the microorganisms we like

Back (Answer)

Streptococci and lactobacilli,

#9
Front (Question)

What is the role of microorganisms in dairy products

Back (Answer)

The streptococci and lactobacilli in the environment produce lactic acid form the lactose in milk. This is the basis for yogurts and development of cheeses

#10
Front (Question)

What role do microorganisms play in the production of alcohol

Back (Answer)

Yeasts present in the environment ferment the sugar in honey to create ethyl alcohol (ethanol)

#11
Front (Question)

How do microorganisms help fuel production

Back (Answer)

With the help from Microorganisms we can break down waste products to produce biogas, when micro organisms respire they give off a flammable gas called methane that can be used for cooking and lighting

#12
Front (Question)

What is the role of microorganisms in the soil

Back (Answer)

Plants are out basic food supply and produce the air we breathe. Plants are dependent on the many microbes that exist in the soil, degrading organic matter, recycling nitrogen and carbon, and producing new soil in forms plants can use directly

#13
Front (Question)

What is the role of micro organisms in the digestive system

Back (Answer)

There are good bacteria living in the human intestine. They help to protect you from bad bacteria that could cause diarrhea and stomach upsets.

#14
Front (Question)

What is the micro biome

Back (Answer)

The micro biome are ecological communities of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms

#15
Front (Question)

What organisms make up the micro biome

Back (Answer)

Bacteria, Archaea, protists, fungi, and viruses

#16
Front (Question)

What do we call it when there is an imbalance of microorganisms that make up the microbiome

Back (Answer)

It is called dysbiosis

#17
Front (Question)

What happens when dysbiosis occurs

Back (Answer)

There is more bad bacteria than good resulting in bad health

#18
Front (Question)

What are the possible causes of an imbalance in your micro biome

Back (Answer)

A dietary change that increases your intake of protein, sugar or food additives Antibiotics Poor dental hygiene Unprotected sex High levels of stress or anxiety Drinking two or more alcohol beverages everyday Accidental chemical consumptions

#19
Front (Question)

What can prevent an imbalance in your micro biome

Back (Answer)

Add foods to your diet like dark leafy greens, onions, garlic, beetroot, carrots and other vegetables. Eat fish and fresh meats Avoid processed meat, some fruit like banana and grape. Avoid dairy and foods high in sugar and GMOs

#20
Front (Question)

How can pre biotic or probiotics help with maintaining the gut biome

Back (Answer)

It helps add more good bacteria to your gut biome

#21
Front (Question)

How to calculate the magnification to a specimen

Back (Answer)

Image size / actual size

#22
Front (Question)

How to calculate the actual size of a specimen using scale line

Back (Answer)

Measure the length of the scale line Measure the length of the bacterium Divide the length of the bacterium by the length of the scale line then multiply by number on scale line

#23
Front (Question)

How do you get from mm to micro meters

Back (Answer)

1mm= 1000micro meters

#24
Front (Question)

How do you get from micro meters to nano meters

Back (Answer)

I micro meter= 1000 nano meters